Types of Perception

 

Types of Perception

According to Lee et al. (2016:228), there are two types of perception, and they are negative and positive perception; both are explained in the following description:

1). Positive perception

Positive perception is the perception that describes all information knowledge (known or unknown) positively. In addition, positive perception is the positive interpretation that involves humans evaluating something around them. In this case, someone with a positive perception will accept and support the perceived object.

2). Negative perception

The negative perception is the perception that describes information (known or unknown) negatively or not suitable for the perceived object. In other words, negative perception is the negative interpretation that involves humans evaluating something around them.

Positive and Negative Perceptions

According to Robbins (2002: 14), positive perception is an assessment individual of an object or information with a positive view or as expected from the object perceived or from existing rules.

Meanwhile, negative perceptions are individual perceptions of certain objects or information with opposing views, contrary to what is expected from the object that is perceived or from existing rules. The cause of emergence of a negative perception can arise because of individual dissatisfaction with the object being the source of perception, individual ignorance, and the absence of individual experience of the object being perceived. Vice versa, the cause of the emergence of a person's positive perception because of satisfaction is individuals to objects that are the source of their perceptions, the existence of individual knowledge, and the existence of individual experiences of objects that are perceived.

Rahmat (2005) states that perception is divided into positive and negative forms. Suppose the perceived object follows appreciation and can be accepted rationally and emotionally. In that case, humans will perceive positively or tend to like and respond according to the perceived object. If it is not following appreciation, the perception is negative or tends to reject and react in the opposite direction to the object of perception.

Robbins (2002) adds that positive perception is an individual's assessment of an object or information with a positive view or following what is expected from the object perceived or from the existing rules. Meanwhile, negative perceptions are individual perceptions of particular objects or information with negative views, contrary to what is expected from the object perceived or from existing rules.

The emergence of a person's negative perception can arise because of individual dissatisfaction with the object that is the source of their perception, the existence of ignorance of the individual, and the absence of individual experience of the object being perceived and vice versa. The cause of the emergence of positive perceptions of a person because of the individual satisfaction with the object that is the source of perception, the existence of individual knowledge, and the existence of individual experiences of perceived objects.

According to Walgito (2004), individuals tend to look at things they think will satisfy their needs and ignore harmful or disturbing things. The psychological state becomes very important in interpreting the stimulus, so an individual's perception may be different from others, even though the object or motivation is the same. Thomas (2007) adds that the personal characteristics of perceptual actors, including attitudes, motives, needs, interests, past experiences, and expectations, strongly influence interpretation. The process of perception involves understanding resulting in the perception between one person and another being different (individualistic).

Based on the definition described above, the researcher can conclude that positive perception is a positive way of looking at individuals in the stimulus in the environment through processes of cognition and affective processes that are influenced by various things such as prior knowledge, needs, educational moods, and other factors to give positive meaning towards the object that it perceives. At the same time, negative perceptions are the way of looking at or evaluating an individual against an entity with considerations that are not in individual accordance, expected, or different from their desires.