aspect of perception according to Woodworth and Marquis

 Woodworth and Marquis were psychologists who proposed a theory of perception that emphasized the active role of the perceiver in shaping their perception of the world. According to their theory, perception is influenced by three main aspects: stimulus, attention, and context.

The stimulus refers to the physical energy that impinges on the senses, such as light waves for vision or sound waves for hearing. However, Woodworth and Marquis argued that the physical stimulus alone is not enough to determine perception. Instead, they suggested that attention and context also play important roles.

Attention refers to the process of selectively focusing on certain aspects of the environment while ignoring others. For example, if you are in a crowded room, you might focus your attention on one person's voice while tuning out other conversations. Woodworth and Marquis argued that attention can influence perception by directing the perceiver's focus to certain features of the environment.

Context refers to the broader situation in which perception occurs. For example, the same object may be perceived differently depending on the context in which it is presented. If you see a cup on a table, you might perceive it as a drinking cup, but if you see the same cup on a shelf in a store, you might perceive it as a decorative item. Woodworth and Marquis argued that context can influence perception by providing additional information about the meaning or function of a stimulus.

Overall, Woodworth and Marquis emphasized that perception is an active process in which the perceiver plays an important role in shaping their perception of the world. Their theory highlights the complex interplay between the physical stimulus, attention, and context in shaping perception.