Roles of Subject in SFL: Doer, Carrier, Senser, Existent, Sayer, Behaver

 In Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), the **subject** of a clause can serve various roles beyond simply being the **doer** of an action. Here are examples for each role: **doer**, **carrier**, **senser**, **existent**, **sayer**, and **behaver**.

## Roles of Subject in SFL

### 1. Doer

The **doer** is the participant that performs a physical action in a material process.

- **Example:** *The dog chased the ball.*

  - Here, *the dog* is the doer of the action (chasing).

### 2. Carrier

The **carrier** is involved in relational processes, where it possesses a quality or attribute.

- **Example:** *The sky is blue.*

  - In this case, *the sky* is the carrier that has the attribute of being blue.

### 3. Senser

The **senser** perceives or experiences a mental phenomenon.

- **Example:** *She enjoys reading.*

  - Here, *she* is the senser who experiences enjoyment from reading.

### 4. Existent

The **existent** refers to entities that exist or are present in a situation.

 **Example:** *There are two cats on the roof.*

  - In this sentence, *two cats* serves as the existent that indicates their presence.

### 5. Sayer

The **sayer** is involved in verbal processes, expressing information or conveying messages.

- **Example:** *He said that he would arrive late.*

  - In this example, *he* acts as the sayer who communicates information about his arrival.

### 6. Behaver

The **behaver** participates in behavioral processes, indicating actions that are more about behavior than physical actions.

- **Example:** *The child laughed.*

  - Here, *the child* is the behaver engaged in the act of laughing, which is a behavioral process.

These examples illustrate how subjects in SFL can fulfill different roles within clauses, enhancing our understanding of their functions beyond just performing actions.

Citations:

[1] https://sfleducation.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40862-019-0069-3

[2] https://fsip.teknokrat.ac.id/systemic-functional-linguistics-for-english-language-teaching-in-the-merdeka-curriculum-implementation/

[3] https://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/L-E/article/download/4621/3220

[4] https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17475759.2018.1455601

[5] https://www.journal.unrika.ac.id/index.php/journalcahayapendidikan/article/download/2225/1551

[6] https://www.uefap.org/grammar-sfl/

[7] https://jurnal.unimed.ac.id/2012/index.php/eltu/article/download/35624/18435

[8] https://ejournal.iainpalopo.ac.id/index.php/ideas/article/download/3474/2328/13890